Reference no: EM133176269

Social Science-Philosophy

Question 1.

Michael Sandel agrees with many economists that the market does not affect the goods it exchanges and that it only puts a price tag on each good.

True

False

Question 2.

According to Elizabeth Anderson, the problem of commodifying women's labor in commercial surrogacy can be solved by giving the surrogate mother the option of keeping the child.

True

False

Question 3.

According to Robert Arrington, the advertising technique, subliminal advertising always undermines the audience's autonomy.

True

False

Question 4.

According to Kant, using another person as your means can be permissible if doing so yields better outcome for that person.

True

False

Question 5.

Which of these arguments is valid?

1. If Chip has wings, Chip is a bird. Chip doesn't have wings. So, Chip is not a bird.

2. Chip is not a cat. All cats meow. So, Chip does not meow.

3. If Chip is a bird, Chip meows. Chip doesn't meow. So, Chip is not a bird.

4. All birds have wings. Chip has wings. So, Chip is a bird.

Question 6.

According to Corvino, in each scenario, the business owner is making a specific type of refusal to their customer. What is the scenario in which the business owner is making a user-based refusal?

Jill, the florist, refuses to sell any bouquets with purple flowers.

James, the limousine driver, refuses service for customers who are attending a heterosexual couple's wedding.

Jane, the baker, refuses to sell christmas-themed cakes.

Jim, the hair designer, refuses to bleach any customer's hair.

Question 7.

What is true about Cultural Relativism?

Cultural Relativism always promotes cultural tolerance.

The main thesis of Cultural Relativism cannot be true if there are universal moral truths.

Cultural Relativism is capable of explaining how our society makes moral progress.

The fact that many cultures have different moral codes supports the truth of Cultural Relativism.

Question 8.

[Short answer question]

Name two solutions to online manipulation that Susser, Roessler, and Nissenbaum propose.

Question 9.

Explain two attractive features of Utilitarianism

Question 10.

In "Business Ethics: Oxymoron or Good Business?", Ronald Duska explains Cicero's two kinds of justice and how each kind of justice gives rise to a specific type of fairness. Name two difference types of fairness that two kinds of justice promote respectively.

Question 11.

According to Ian Maitland, there are some downsides of multi-national companies paying "living wage" to their sweatshop workers. Name two different downsides that he mentions.

Question 12.

Kimbrough presents a Utilitarian argument to defend bullshitting in advertising. How does Andrew Johnson criticize this Utilitarian argument? (Your answer should specify exactly what premise Johnson rejects and why.)

Question 13.

In the Masterpiece Cakeshop case, the baker, Jack Phillips argues that if it is morally okay for him to not sell Halloween cakes to the customers, it should be morally okay for him to not sell a wedding cake that will be used to celebrate same-sex marriage. Explain how John Corvino criticizes Phillips' argument.

Question 14.

According to Denis Arnold and Laura Hartman,

a) what are two basic human rights that should be protected for sweatshop workers? And according to Arnold and Hartman,

b) what can multi-national companies do to protect these two basic human rights for sweatshop workers?