Reference no: EM133455942
Questions
1. Building up large macromolecules like carbohydrates, lips, protein, and nucleic acids from smaller units is ..................... and breaking down of larger molecules to smaller ones is ..................
2. In a chemical equation, the molecules before the arrow are the ......................... Whiles those after the arrow are the.......................................
3. There two types of metabolic reactions that take place in the system, one is............................, which is the breaking down of large macromolecules into smaller units, and the other is ................................. which is the building up of larger macromolecule form smaller ones.
4. The pH scale measures the ......................... concentration in solution. It ranges from 0 to 14. A solution is ................... if the pH is between 0 and 6.9, and it is basic if pH is between ......................
5. If a solution has more OH- ions than the H+ ions, it is ..............., but if it has more H+ ion than the OH- ions, it is ...........................
6. Carbonic acid is a ......................... acid found in all living cells that function as buffer. Buffers ..................................... increase in acidity or basicity.
7. A single unit of carbohydrate is called ........................ and a larger molecule of carbohydrates is called............................
8. Two molecules of monosaccharides combine together by a process called ..................... to form disaccharide, losing one molecule of ......................... In the process. The three major types of polysaccharides are cellulose, starch, and..............................
9. One molecule of ........................... combined with three molecules of ....................to form one molecule to triglyceride (fat/lipid), losing .............................molecules of water.
10. If a fatty acid of a lipid has one or two double bonds in it, it is said to be ...................... fat, but if there are no double bond in it, it is said to ...........................fat.
11. A phospholipid has ...................... fatty acids chains instead of three as in triglycerides. Phospholipids are the building blocks of all cell membranes. They form a ........................... layer.
12. A single unit of protein is called........................... protein is formed when multiple amino acids combine together through the process of .........................
13. Two units of amino acids combined to form....................., losing one molecule of .................................
14. A straight chain of polypeptide is called ............................ protein. If the primary protein is folded in to barrel or sheet like shape, it is ........................ protein.
15. When two different secondary proteins combined a .............................. protein is formed, and two tertiary proteins combined to form a........................ protein.
16. A single unit of a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) is called ........................ One nucleotide combined with another nucleotide through the process of ..................................
17. A nucleotide comprises of ........................., one pentose sugar, and a ..................... group.
18. DNA is ......................... helical strands of nucleotides, whiles RNA is a single strand of............................... The sugar in DNA .............................. one oxygen atom that is present in RNA, hence the name deoxyribonucleic acid.
19. ....................................has Adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine as their nitrogen base whiles RNA has three of the nitrogen base present in DNA, but has ....................... in place of thymine.