Reference no: EM132408200

BU1002 - Accounting for Decision Making, James Cook University Australia

Assignment -Introduction to Real-World Annual Reports

Part 1 – Introduction to Company Annual Report and Financial Statements

The purpose of part 1 is to begin your exploration of your company’s annual report and corporate governance structure.

Question 1:

Write a background summary of your assigned company including the following:

When and why did your company first commence operation?

What is the main or core business of the company?

Some companies are diversified and have investments in other industries, for example,

Wesfarmers has diverse business operations that cover supermarkets, department stores, home improvement and office supplies; coal production and export; chemicals, energy and fertilisers; and industrial and safety products. Is your assigned company diversified? What industries does the company operate in?

Does your assigned company operate solely within Australia or does it operate internationally? Identify the operational locations.

Question 2:

What are the headings and sub-headings of the discussion on corporate governance? Note, if not presented in the Company Annual Report, review the Company website.

Question 3:

What are the page references for the discussion on corporate governance? (Hint – try the table of contents at the beginning of the annual report or review the Company website.) Briefly list the information included in the company’s corporate governance report. Does this information differ from the corporate governance information covered in the content and required reading for topic 1?

Question 4:

What position was held and what was the composition and total remuneration of the highest paid board member? (Hint – try the Directors’ Report.)

Question 5:

How many “subsidiary companies” or “controlled entities” are in the group?

Are the subsidiaries/controlled entities located domestically and or internationally? Identify where they are located. This will give insight into how widespread the company’s operations are and may assist you with your background information.

Part 2 – Financial Statements

The purpose of part 2 is to not only introduce students to an actual set of financial statements of a publicly listed company, but to also identify information that may be significant for ratio analysis which will be conducted in Part 3. The financial statements are presented in the financial report section of the company’s annual report. For this section you may find it easier to refer to the excel spreadsheets to obtain the financial data. The excel spreadsheet will contain the financial information for the past 10 years; however, you will only need to refer the data for the past four years in your spreadsheet, (the past three years and the fourth may be required to create averages for some of the ratios in part 3). This will make it easier to refer to the financial data for several years in one excel worksheet.

Question 1 (Balance Sheet):

What is the amount invested by the company in net assets for the current year? (Hint use total assets less total liabilities). How does this amount differ from the value of net assets for each of the previous three years? Can you identify any reason for the changes? (Hint: look at the individual amounts that make up both the total assets and total liabilities, are there any changes to individual items over this three-year period? Alternatively, you could perhaps look at the notes to the financial statements in the annual report to see if there are any changes in the breakdown of individual items in the reports.) Discuss.

Question 2 (Balance Sheet):

How much was the total equity for the current year? How does this differ from the total equity in each of the previous three years? Can you identify any reason if there are any changes? Discuss.

Question 3 (Balance Sheet):

How much was the total current assets for the current year and what are the components classified under this heading? Is there any difference in the value of total current assets for each of the previous three years? Can you identify any reason if there are any changes? Discuss.

Question 4 (Balance Sheet):

What are the items listed under non-current liabilities? Are there any new non-current liabilities in the current year that were not there in the previous three years?

Question 5 (Income Statement):

How much was net profit for the current year? How does this compare to the net profit for each of the previous three years? Can you identify any particular revenues or expenses that may have led to changes in the profit figures over the three-year period? Discuss.

Question 6 (Income Statement)

Is the total revenue in the current year greater or less than the total annual revenue recorded in each of the previous three years? Discuss.

Question 7 (Statement of Cash Flows):

How much was the cash flows from operating activities for the current year? What was the largest inflow item and the largest outflow item in the operating activities section? Does this differ from the previous three years? Discuss.

Question 8 (Statement of Cash Flows):

How much was the cash flow from investing activities in the current year? Has the company had any new investing cash flows in the current year compared to the previous three years? If they did, list the activities

Question 9 (Statement of Cash Flows):

What was the net change in cash flows in the current year? How does this change compare to the previous three years? Discuss.

Part 3 – Financial Statement Analysis Tools

The purpose of part 3 is to introduce students to using financial statement analysis tools. Hopefully your answers to questions in part 2 may have flagged monetary differences that you can now compare based on percentages using ratio analysis. Ensure you include your calculations in your answer and more importantly, try and identify why percentage changes may have occurred. It is this analysis that is most important in this exercise, trying to identify “why” changes have occurred. The group should aim to incorporate the answers and calculations each member has prepared for their assigned company as supporting documentation for the group analysis in the appendix of the final submission. The more analysis provided in the answers to these questions, the more information the group will have to draw on when conducting the comparative analysis for the written response for part 4.

Question 1 (Profitability):

Has the profit margin changed over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 2 (Profitability):

Can you identify a trend in the return on equity ratio over the past three years? Comment on the trend. Briefly discuss possible reasons for this trend.

Question 3 (Asset efficiency):

Identify if the asset turnover ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 4 (Asset efficiency):

Has the receivables turnover changed over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 5 (Asset efficiency):

Has the inventory turnover changed over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 6 (Liquidity):

Has the current ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 7 (Liquidity):

Has the quick ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 8 (Liquidity):

Has the cash flow (to current liabilities) ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 9 (Capital structure/Gearing):

Has the debt to assets ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 10 (Capital structure/Gearing):

Has the debt to equity ratio increased or decreased over the past three years? Is this a good result for the company? Briefly discuss what the change indicates.

Question 11 (Horizontal Analysis):

Conduct a horizontal analysis of the Income Statement for the past 4 years. Comment on any trends.

Question 12 (Horizontal Analysis):

Conduct a horizontal analysis of the Balance Sheet for the past 4 years. Comment on any trends.

Question 13 (Vertical Analysis):

Conduct a vertical analysis of the Income Statement for the past 4 years. Comment on any trends.

Question 14 (Vertical Analysis):

Conduct a vertical analysis of the Balance Sheet for the past 4 years. Comment on any trends.

Note: Horizontal and vertical analysis can be used as a point of reference to assist in identifying percentage changes of individual items that appear in the financial statements. When conducting ratio analysis, over a period of time, you may find it easier to not only identify the change in the numerator and denominator of the formula, but to also use horizontal and vertical analysis to identify the individual components that make up the numerator and denominator of the formula.

Question 15 (Trend Analysis):

Conduct a trend analysis of ‘Revenue’ and ‘Net Profit after Tax and Abnormals’ in the Profit and Loss Statement for the past 3 years. Comment on any trends.