Briefly discuss a possible effect modification

Reference no: EM13953129

Although cervical cancer is not a major cause of death among American women, it has been suggested that virtually all such deaths are preventable. In an e¤ort to find out who is being screened for the disease, data from the 1973 National Health Interview (a sample of the U.S. population) were used to examine the relationship between Pap testing and some socioeconomic factors. Table E1.21 provides the percentages of women who reported never having had a Pap test. (These are from met- ropolitan areas.)

TABLE E1.21
Age and Income	White	Black
25-44
Poor	13.0	14.2
Nonpoor	5.9	6.3
45-64
Poor	30.2	33.3
Nonpoor	13.2	23.3
65 and over
Poor	47.4	51.5
Nonpoor	36.9	47.4

(a) Calculate the odds ratios associated with race (black versus white) among

(i) 25-44 nonpoor
(ii) 45-64 nonpoor
(iii) 65þ nonpoor

Briefly discuss a possible effect modification, if any.

(b) Calculate the odds ratios associated with income (poor versus non- poor) among

(i) 25-44 black
(ii) 45-64 black
(iii) 65þ black

Briefly discuss a possible effect modification, if any.

(i) 65þ poor
(ii) 65þ nonpoor

Briefly discuss a possible effect modification.

Reference no: EM13953129

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