Reference no: EM132363755 , Length: word count : 500

Assignment

1. (Phonetics):
State everything that the following pairs of sounds have in common in terms of how they are made. This could involve, among other things, place of articulation, manner of articulation, vocal organs (or parts of them) involved in making the sound, and voicing. If the two sounds have nothing in common, state this explicitly.

a. [l] and [u]

b. [ð] and [d]

c. [p'] and [f]

2. (Phonetics):
In each of the following sets of sounds, pick out the sound that does not fit in and give the reason why it does not fit in. (It must be a phonetic reason.) All of the other sounds must form a class of some type (e.g. velar sounds, front vowels, but not "sounds which are not plosives"). If there is no sound that does not fit in, state this explicitly.

Example: [m ? n z ?]

Answer: [z], because it is the only fricative, all the other sounds are nasals.

a. [ u e y ? ? ? o ? ? ]

b. [c t ? g ? k j b q d ? p]

c. [ d ? ? ? ? ? !? ]

d. [ o u i y j k m z n e b v ? ]

3. (Phonology):
Consider the following data from a made-up language. Are the sounds [n] and [d] allophones of the same phoneme or do they belong to separate phonemes? Fully justify your answer.

a. [nipuk] ‘to eat' b. [hobed] ‘to read'
c. [nilpa] ‘tree' d. [ketud] ‘to drink'
e. [ketun] ‘bus' f. [felen] ‘guitar'
g. [mebid] ‘bird' h. [niwek] ‘eye'

(Phonology):
Consider the following data from a made-up language. Are the sounds [t] and [d] allophones of the same phoneme or do they belong to separate phonemes? Fully justify your answer.

a. [lodim] ‘brother' b. [tibef] ‘book'
c. [fuput] ‘truck' d. [tuk] ‘egg'
e. [klot] ‘to tell' f. [fudit] ‘to wash'
g. [fit] ‘vehicle' h. [mider] ‘leg'
i. [sepet] ‘chair' j. [wukoltu] ‘grape'
k. [aktim] ‘doctor' l. [edam] ‘nice'