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NSG2FNH First Nations Health - La Trobe University

Assessment: Addressing Health Inequality

Learning Outcome 1: Describe the meaning of ‘cultural safety' in relation to improving health outcomes for First Nations people and critically analyse how it influences effective nursing and midwifery practices, and health service delivery.

Learning Outcome 2: Engage in culturally appropriate communication that facilitates respectful therapeutic relationships, and supports effective partnerships with First Nations health professionals, organisations and communities.

Learning Outcome 3: Outline the concepts of health inequality, the factors that contribute to it, and ways of redressing it to close the gap in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians.

Instructions

Part 1: The role of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs)

Central to efforts to build healthier communities is the Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) sector; its focus on prevention, early intervention and comprehensive care has reduced barriers to access and unintentional racism, progressively improving individual health outcomes for Aboriginal people.

Panaretto, K.S., Wenitong, M., Button, S., Ring, I.T. (2014).
Aboriginal community controlled health services: leading the way in primary care.
Medical Journal of Australia 200(11): p.649

In Part 1 you are required to discuss the role Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) play in reducing the health inequality experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Please review e-Book 5 prior to approaching this part.

a) Equality vs Equity
Equality and Equity are related but different concepts. Discuss the difference between the terms Equality and Equity and describe how Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations are an example of addressing health inequity to reduce the health inequality experienced by First Nations people.

b) ACCHSs improving health and wellbeing

"Aboriginal health means not just the physical wellbeing of an individual but refers to the social, emotional and cultural wellbeing of the whole Community in which each individual is able to achieve their full potential as a human being, thereby bringing about the total wellbeing of their Community. It is a whole- of life view and includes the cyclical concept of life-death-life."

National Aboriginal Health Strategy Working Party. (1989, p.ix). A National Aboriginal Health Strategy.
Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Services

Using examples of programs/services delivered by your local ACCHO*(see list below) discuss how the Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation model of comprehensive primary health care reflects the above definition of health.

Part 2: The role of hospitals

The NSQHS Standards provide a nationally consistent statement of the level of care consumers can expect from health service organisations regardless of where they live. The eight standards were developed to protect members of the public form harm and to enhance the quality of health services. Each standard consists of a set of action items. The second edition of the Standards, released in 2017, includes actions designed to ensure that healthcare is tailored to the unique needs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

In this part of the assignment you are required to discuss how the implementation of the NSQHS standards in hospitals can contribute to reducing the health inequality experienced by First Nations Australians.

Of course, all NSQHS Standards should be applied to all patients but there are specific standards and actions that relate directly to improving the health of Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander peoples

Choose two (2) specific actions from the table above. Describe strategies hospitals can use to implement these actions and discuss how implementation can improve patient outcomes for Indigenous Australians.
There are 5 marks available for each action you discuss, with the marks awarded as follows

• The description of strategies used to implement the action

• The discussion of how implementation of the action will improve patient outcomes

Integrate material from credible published sources through effective paraphrasing to support your discussion. Supporting literature can include peer-reviewed journals articles (highly recommended as they are the strongest form of evidence), relevant textbooks, credible websites and grey literature reports. Ensure you appropriately acknowledge your sources of information with in-text referencing.

Direct quotes can be included but take care not to overuse; APA guidelines suggest that direct quotes should make up no more than 10% of your discussion on a particular topic.

The integration of adequate and appropriate references is included in the marks allocated for this part of
the assignment.

TIPS: Your response must be informed by evidence. The information and links to resources provided below and in e-workbook 6 are a good place to start but you are also encouraged to do some independent research to find evidence to support your ideas and arguments.

Ensure you discuss relevant ACTIONS (which are specific to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health not Standards (which apply to all users of the health service)

The implementation strategies discussed need to be specific to hospitals; health policies and strategic frameworks at a state and national level should not be included in your response.

Ensure you have clearly identified the 2 actions you have chosen from the table above so that the marker is able to award marks for both strategies. The discussion for each action is worth the same amount of marks and should have roughly the same amount of discussion (number of words).

Part 3: The role of individual nurses and midwives

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experience poorer health outcomes than non- Indigenous peoples. Cultural safety is a proven way for nurses and midwives to contribute to better health outcomes and experiences for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander peoples.

In Part 3 you are required to discuss how individual nurses and midwives can deliver culturally safe care and contribute to reducing the health inequality experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.
Best (Best & Fredericks, 2018) describes 5 principles of cultural safety as follows:

1. Reflect on your own practice

2. Seek to minimise power differentials

3. Engage in discourse with the client

4. Undertake the process of decolonisation

5. Ensure that you do not diminish, demean or disempower through your actions

Choose two (2) of these principles of cultural safety. Describe strategies individual nurses and/or midwives can use to incorporate these principles into the care they provide and discuss how these strategies can improve patient outcomes for Indigenous Australians.
There are 5 marks available for each principle you discuss, with the marks awarded as follows:

• The description of strategies to incorporate the principle

• The discussion of how implementation of the strategies will improve patient outcomes

Integrate material from credible published sources through effective paraphrasing to support your discussion. Supporting literature can include peer-reviewed journals articles (highly recommended as they are the strongest form of evidence), relevant textbooks, credible websites and grey literature reports. Ensure you appropriately acknowledge your sources of information with in-text referencing.

Attachment:- First Nations Health.rar