Reference no: EM133486083

Questions

1. Why was the study of Peter and the Rabbit so important?

1) It showed that modeling could be an extremely effective treatment technique for fears

2) It demonstrated that gradual invivo exposure could be an extremely effective treatment technique for fears

3) It is considered one of the first examples of behavior therapy

4) Both 1 and 3

5) Both 2 and 3

2. We've talked a lot about the S-O-R model. "S" stands for stimulus in the environment and "R" stands for Response/Behavior. What does "O" stand for?

1) Organizing principles

2) Observable

3) Operant

4) Operational Definition

5) Origin

6) Organism

3. What movement was Maslow the founder of?

1) Gestalt psychology

2) Third force psychology

3) Existential psychology

4) Positive psychology

4. There are four basic tenets of Positivism. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

1) Science should focus on behavior rather than an abstract mind

2) Belief that science should study only that which is directly observable

3) Science should be descriptive rather than theoretical

4) Science should seek to generate theories that are irrefutable

5) No theory or theoretical constructs should be used

5. Compared to the mind and the body, the "spirit" tends to be discussed much less in psychology. What does the term "spirit" typically refer to in psychology?

1) Emotions

2) Subjective experience

3) Both 1 and 2

6. Which is NOT an antecedent of Gestalt Psychology?Question 6 options:

1) Kant

2) Nietzsche

3) von Ehrenfels

4) William James

7. Who did Freud credit as being the first to discover the defense mechanisms of sublimation, repression, and resistance?

1) Goethe

2) Schopenhauer

3) Nietzsche

4) von Ehrenfels

8. Which law of association is MOST emphasized in Classical Conditioning?

1) Similarity

2) Contiguity

3) Frequency

4) Contingency

9. Which group of people believed that theoretical concepts are admissible if tied to the observable world through operational definitions?

1) Behaviorists

2) Logical Positivists

3) Positivists

4) Russian Objective Psychologists

10. Which was NOT one of the Gestalt explanations of learning/problem-solving?

1) Cognitive Trial and Error learning

2) Behavioral Trial and Error learning

3) Insightful learning

4) All of the above were

11. Was Plato a rationalist or an empiricist?

1) Empiricist

2) Rationalist

12. SavedWhich statement about Cognitive Trial and Error Learning is TRUE?

1) It is incremental

2) It is mediated by thinking

3) It requires insight

4) Both 1 and 2 are true

5) Both 1 and 3 are true

6) Both 2 and 3 are true

13. SavedWhich statement is TRUE?

1) Existentialists challenged the Newtonian view of both the universe and people as machines

2) Existentialists challenged the Rationalist view that humans are logical rational beings

3) Romanticists challenged the Newtonian view of both the universe and people as machines

4) Romanticists challenged the Rationalist view that humans are logical rational beings

5) All of the above are true

14. Which statement about the Perceptual Gestalten is TRUE?

1) They are innate

2) They demonstrate how our brains organize sensory information

3) They are helpful for survival because they prepare us to focus on what is most important in our perceptual field

4) All of the above are true

15. Neobehaviorists agreed with three of the following four things. Which did they NOTagree about?

1) Nonhuman animals should be used as research subjects

2) Psychologists should primarily study the mind

3) Psychologists should study the learning process because it is the primary mechanism through which organisms adjust to changing environments

4) If theory is used at all, all theoretical terms must be operationally defined and lead to testable predictions

16. Who is credited with the founding of behaviorism?

1) Skinner

2) Pavlov

3) Watson

4) The Russian Objective Psychologists

17. What analogy did I use to explain how Watson and the Russian Objective Psychologists viewed thoughts/consciousness?

1) They were like an actual brain versus a CAT scan of the brain

2) They were like exhaust fumes for a car

3) They were like the actual United States versus a map of the United States

4) They were like erosion in a canyon with a river

Which statement about Kohler's research in Gestalt psychology is TRUE?

1) He believed that the transition from an unsolved problem to a solved problem was sudden and complete

2) His research was designed to study insight learning

3) He believed that learning was incremental (occurred gradually)

4) Both 1 and 2 are true

5) Only 3 is true

6) All of the above are true

19. According to Watson, which was NOT one of the three inherited emotions?

1) Shame

2) Love

3) Fear

4) Rage

20. According to Watson, what is the goal of psychology?

1) The description and explanation of states of consciousness

2) The prediction and control of behavior

3) Determination of the physiological underpinnings of behavior