Reference no: EM13589284

1) Antibiotics can kill gram-negative bacteria, but symptoms of fever and low blood pressure can persist. Why?

2) Why is diagnosis of botulism difficult?

 

3) Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes.

 

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

 

b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

 

c. Streptococcus pyogenes

 

d. Shigella dysenteriae

4) A patient consulted a physician for symptoms that included a swollen toe, a red streak along his ankle, and enlarged lymph nodes in his groin. Explain the cause of these symptoms.

5) A person has antibodies against the measles virus. Identify three ways in which these antibodies could be acquired.

 

6) Describe the production of antibodies using the clonal selection theory.

 

7) Positive diagnosis of AIDS is made when a patient has antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Why does a patient have an immune deficiency if he or she is making antibodies?

8) What is the effect of discharging primary-treated sewage on the BOD and dissolved O2 (DO) of the receiving body of water? What is the effect of secondary-treated sewage on the BOD and DO?

9) A newspaper headline reported "Algal Bloom Kills Fish."

 

a. What actually caused fish death, given that the algae were not toxic?

 

b. What could have caused the algal bloom?

10) Most of the world's population relies on wheat for food. Research is being conducted to produce wheat with a higher protein content. Design a biotechnological approach to improving the amino acid content of wheat.

11) Why does fermentation preserve foods?

12) Why would a farmer purchase Rhizobium? Bacillus thuringiensis?