What is a servlet? Assignment Help

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What is a servlet

A servlet is a module of Java code that is stored and run on a web server. Many modern software systems are web-based applications - the user runs a browser to access a system over the web, and the bulk of the code that implements the application runs on a web server. Such applications can use Java servlets to implement a wide variety of functions, such as processing data, accessing databases and constructing complex web pages dynamically for return to the client.

Servlets are written in normal Java and so can make use of the full power of the Java language and its standard packages. Because they run on a server, whose security environment can be defined and controlled, they are not subject to the sort of security restrictions that limit the usefulness of standard applets. So, for example, servlets can access databases on the computer that hosts them or on a database server running on another computer. This is very useful in implementing the sort of 3-tier system we encountered in Unit 9.

Servlets also have the advantage of separating the user interface of a web application (which runs on the client) from the processing and database access. This can make it easier to change one or the other of these aspects of the system independently. Finally, by carrying out much of the processing on a sufficiently powerful server, the client software can be kept simple and responsive - a so-called thin client. Of course, if the server system is lacking in resources, this may introduce a bottleneck into the system, with clients waiting a relatively long time for service. The resource capacity of the various elements of a web-based system should be carefully designed to minimize this possibility. Figure 19 shows how a web application, using servlets, might be configured.

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Figure: Web application with server running Java servlets

 

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