Uses of proteins
(i) Proteins constitute as essential part of our food. Meat, eggs, fish, cheese provide proteins to human beings.
(ii) In textile : Casein (a milk protein) is used in the manufacture of artificial wool and silk.
(iii) In the manufacture of amino acids : Amino acids, needed for medicinal use and feeding experiments, are prepared by hydrolysis of proteins.
(iv) In industry : Gelatin (protein) is used in food products, capsules and photographic plates. Glue (protein) is used as adhesive and in sizing paper. Leather is obtained by tanning the proteins of animal hides.
(v) In controlling body processes : Haemoglobin present in blood is responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide. Harmones (proteins) control various body processes.
(vi) As enzymes : Reactions in living systems always occur with the aid of substances called enzymes. Enzymes are proteins produced by living systems and catalyse specific biological reactions.
Important enzymes tabulated as under,
Table :
Enzymes
|
Reaction catalysed
|
|
Urease
|
Urea → CO2 + NH3
|
|
Invertase
|
Sucrose → Glucose + Fructose
|
|
Maltase
|
Maltose → 2 Glucose
|
Amylase
|
Starch → n Glucose
|
Pepsin
|
Proteins → Amino acids
|
Trypsin
|
Proteins → Amino acids
|
Carbonic anhydrase
|
H2CO3 → H2O + CO2
|
Nuclease
|
DNA, RNA → Nucleotides
|
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