Kinds of solutions
All three states of matter (which are gas, liquid or solid) may behave either as the solvent or solute. Depending upon the state of solute or the solvent, mainly there can be following nine types of the binary solutions stated in the table.
Solvent
|
Solute
|
Example
|
|
Gas
|
Gas
|
Mixture of gases, air.
|
|
Gas
|
Liquid
|
Water vapours in air, mist.
|
|
Gas
|
Solid
|
Sublimation of a solid into a gas, smoke.
|
|
Liquid
|
Gas
|
CO2 gas dissolved in water (aerated drinks).
|
|
Liquid
|
Liquid
|
Mixture of miscible liquids, e.g., alcohol in water.
|
|
Liquid
|
Solid
|
Salt in water, sugar in water.
|
|
Solid
|
Gas
|
Adsorption of gases over metals; hydrogen over palladium.
|
|
Solid
|
Liquid
|
Mercury in zinc, mercury in gold, CuSO4.5H2O.
|
|
Solid
|
Solid
|
Homogeneous mixture of two or more metals (alloys), e.g., copper in gold, zinc in copper.
|
Among these solutions the most important type of solutions are those which are in the liquid phase and can be categorised as,
(1) Solid in liquid solutions,
(2) Liquid in liquid solutions
(3) Gas in liquid solutions.
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