Tranquillizer or Hypnotics: The chemical substances used for the treatment of stress, mild and severe mental diseases are called tranquillizers. These are used to release mental tension and reduce anxiety.
These derivatives are named as barbiturates.
These are also called psychotherapeutic drugs. These drugs create the patient passive and help to control their emotional distress or depression.
The most normally used tranquillizers are barbituric acid and its derivatives such as veronal, amytal, membutal, seconal and luminal.
* It may be noticed that different terms are used for drugs which are used to cure mental diseases. Some of these terms are,
(i) Sedatives: These act as depressant and suppress the activities of central nervous scheme. They are provided to patients who are mentally violent and agitated. Sedatives provide a feeling of calmness, drowsiness or relaxation in the body. Their high doses add sleep. The general sedatives are valium, barbiturates (obtained from barbituric acid).
(ii) Antidepressants: These drugs are given to patients with shattered confidence. These give a feeling of well being and confidence in the person of depressed mood. Therefore, these are also known as mood booster drugs. The general examples are cocaine, vitalin, methedrine etc.
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