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The Venturimeter (see figure) is a device used to measure the flow speed of a fluid in a pipe. At the throat, the area is reduced from A to a and the velocity is increased from v to V. Noticed that at the throat, where the velocity is greatest, the pressure is least, as Bernoulli's equation predicts. This seems quit proper, because the pressure difference is in the correct direction to speed up the flow. That is, a particle of fluid entering the throat from the left will be accelerated to the right by the pressure difference between the tube and the throat.
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using Bernoulli's equation ,
and the equation of continuity, V2 = AV1/a
we have 
where r is the density of the liquid. The mass flow rate R may be found from R = Au and the device can be calibrated to read (and record) this flow rate directly.
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