Telecommunication Networks:
Telecommunication involves the transmission of signals over a distance for communication purposes. Some common devices which we use such as telephone, television and radio are devices which use telecommunication networks. A telecommunication system consists of a transmitter that obtains the information to be transmitted and converts it into a signal for transmission, a medium of transmission through which the signal is transmitted, and a receiver that receives the signal and converts it back into the original information. A telecommunications network consists of links that are arranged in such a manner that the signals are transferred from one part of the network to another through various links.
The rapid developments in telecommunication technology over the years have brought about a significant change in long distance communication. With the use of the Internet, intranet, VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal), ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line), cellular telephony, and video conferencing, distance is no longer a barrier to communication.
Telecommunication systems have proved immensely beneficial for business operations. IT has enabled the control and exchange of information across business units spread across the globe. This chapter aims at providing a basic understanding of various aspects of telecommunications like enterprise-wide collaboration, electronic and mobile commerce, and internal business systems. Apart from this, the various media used in information transmission and the manner in which telecommunication helps build internetworked enterprises are also explained.
For instance, computer A wants to send a file to computer B. Depending on the network protocol used by the computers, the NIC in computer A translates the file which is in binary form (i.e. 0's and 1's) into electric pulses. These electric pulses are passed on to the hub through the cable. After receiving the electric pulses, the hub transfers them to the other cables. When these pulses reach computer B, the NIC in computer B interprets the electric pulses and decides whether the message being passed on is meant for it or not. As the message is for computer B, the NIC translates the electric pulses back into binary data that forms the file.
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