Rutherford's nuclear model

(1) Rutherford performed the experiment on the bombardment of thin (10^-4 mm) Au foil with the high speed positively charged particles emitted from Ra and gave the following observations based on this experiment,

(i) Most of the  particles passed without any deflection.

(ii) Out of which some of them were deflected away from their path.

(iii) Only a few (one in about 10,000) were returned back to their original direction of propagation.

(2) From the observations above he came to a conclusion that, the atom consists of the following components

(i) Nucleus which is small in size but carries the entire mass that is contains all the neutrons and protons.

(ii) Extra nuclear part which contains electrons. This model was quite similar to the solar system.

(3)      Properties of the nucleus

(i) The nucleus is a heavy, small, positively charged portion of an atom and located at the centre of an atom.

(ii) All the positive charge of atom (i.e. protons) is present in nucleus.

(iii) It contains neutrons and protons, and hence these particles collectively are also referred to as nucleons.

(iv) The size of the nucleus is measured in Fermi (1 Fermi = 10^-13 cm).

(v) The radius of the nucleus is of the order of 1.5 * 10^-13 cm  to 6.5 * 10^-13 cm  i.e. 1.5 to 6.5 Fermi. Generally the radius of the nucleus (  is given by the following relation,

This exhibited that nucleus is 10^-5 times small in size as compared to the total size of atom.

(vi) The Volume of the nucleus is about 10^-39 cm³ and that of atom is 10^-24 cm³ i.e., volume of the nucleus is 10^-15 times that of an atom.

(vii) Density of the nucleus is of the order of 10¹⁵ g cm^-3 or 10⁸ tonnes cm^-3 or 10¹² kg/cc    . If nucleus is spherical than,

(4) Drawbacks of Rutherford's model

(i) It does not obey Maxwell theory of electrodynamics, in accordance to it  A small charged particle moving around the oppositely charged centre continuously keeps on losing the energy possessed by it. If the electron does so, it must also continuously lose its energy and should set up spiral motion ultimately failing into the nucleus.

(ii) It could not explain line spectra of the H- atom and discontinuous spectrum nature.

Email based Chemistry assignment help - homework help at Expertsmind

Are you searching chemistry expert for help with Rutherford's nuclear model questions?  Rutherford's nuclear model topic is not easier to learn without external help?  We at www.expertsmind.com offer finest service of Chemistry assignment help and chemistry homework help. Live tutors are available for 24x7 hours helping students in their Rutherford's nuclear model related problems. We provide step by step Rutherford's nuclear model question's answers with 100% plagiarism free content. We prepare quality content and notes for Rutherford's nuclear model topic under chemistry theory and study material. These are avail for subscribed users and they can get advantages anytime.

Why Expertsmind for assignment help

1. Higher degree holder and experienced experts network
2. Punctuality and responsibility of work
3. Quality solution with 100% plagiarism free answers
4. Time on Delivery
5. Privacy of information and details
6. Excellence in solving chemistry queries in excels and word format.
7. Best tutoring assistance 24x7 hours