Ring Topology: All the components in a Ring Network are connected in a closed circle of wire. Messages that are transmitted move around the ring until they reach the computer that they are addressed to, the signal being refreshed by each and every node. In a ring topology, the network signal is passed through each network interface card of each device and passed on to the next system. Every device processes and retransmits the signal, so it is capable of supporting many machine in a somewhat slow but more orderly fashion. There is a very nice attribute that everybody gets a chance to send a message and it is guaranteed that every node gets to send a packet in a predetermined amount of time.
![1194_ring topology.png](https://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/1194_ring%20topology.png)
Advantages
o Broadcasting and multicasting is easy since you just need to send out one packet
o Less expensive because less cable footage is required
o It is guaranteed that every host will be able to transmit within a fixed time interval
o awfully orderly network where each device has access to the token and the opportunity to transmit
o Performs well than a star network under heavy network load
Disadvantages
o Failure of single node brings the whole network down
o Error finding and network administration becomes difficult
o Moves, adds and changes of devices can affect the network
o It is slower than star topology in normal load
normally, a BUS architecture is favored over the other topologies - obviously, this is a very subjective opinion and the final design depends on the necessities of the network more than anything else. recently, most networks are moving towards the STAR topology. preferably we would like to design networks, which physically look like the STAR topology, but works like BUS or RING topology.
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