It is a section of a transparent hollow sphere whose one surface is polished.
Concave mirror converges the ight rays and used as a mirror at barber shope, In search light, in telescope, in projector, by E.N.T. specialists etc.
Convex mirror diverges the waves and used in road lamps, side mirror in vehicles etc.
Terminology:
(i) Pole (P) : Mid point of the mirror
(ii) Centre of curvature (C) : Centre of the sphere of which the mirror is a part.
(iii) Radius of curvature (R) : Distance between pole and centre of curvature. (
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(iv) Principle axis : A line passing through P and C.
(v) Focus (F) : An image point on principle axis for an object at .
(vi) Focal length (f) : Net distance between P and F.
(vii) Relation between f and R : f = R/2
(viii) Power: The converging or diverging ability of mirror
(ix) Aperture: Effective diameter of light reflecting area. Intensity of image μ Area μ (Aperture)2
(x) Focal plane: A plane passing from focus and perpendicular to principle axis.
Sign conventions:
(i) All distances are calculated from the pole.
(ii) Distances calculated in the direction opposite of incident rays are taken negative.
(iii) Distance above the principle axis are taken positive and below the principle axis are taken negative.
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