Reading data from files in Java:

So far we have considered input from text files and output to text files. This sort of file can be read by people using a simple text editor or word processor.

It is also possible to write data to files so that it is stored in binary form: that is, essentially the same form in which it is stored in computer memory. The streams we have seen previously, like the various Reader and Writer streams, convert from this binary format in memory to text format for output - or from text to binary for input. Hence binary input and binary output are more efficient, since they avoid this conversion process. If the data files do not need to be human-readable this may be an appropriate format to use.

Setting up data streams is similar to the process for text streams, shown earlier, except that they use the corresponding classes from the byte-oriented stream classes inheriting from InputStream and OutputStream. For example, to set up a DataInputStream for buffered binary input from a file, we have:

FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("payroll.dat"); DataInputStream dataIn = new DataInputStream(fis);

The DataInputStream classes have methods - such as readInt, readFloat, readBoolean - that return a value of the corresponding primitive data type.

For example, the following code would read an integer and a boolean value respectively from the DataInputStream object dataIn and store the values in appropriate variables:

int highValue = dataIn.readInt();
boolean moreItems = dataIn.readBoolean();

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