Properties of Vinyl Chloride : It is a colourless gas at room temperature. Its boiling point is -13°C. The halogen atom in vinyl chloride is not reactive as in other alkyl halides. However, C = C bond of vinyl chloride gives the usual addition reactions.
The non-reactivity of chlorine atom is due to resonance stabilization. The lone pair on chlorine can react in delocalization (Resonance) to give two canonical architectures.
The following two effects are observed due to resonance stabilization.
(i) Carbon-chlorine covalent bond in vinyl chloride has some double bond character and is, therefore, stronger than a pure single bond.
(ii) Carbon atom is sp2 hybridized and C-Cl bond length is shorter (1.69Å) and the bond is stronger than in alkyl halides (1.80Å) due to sp3 hybridization of the carbon atom.
Addition reactions
Uses : The main use of vinyl chloride is in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic which is employed these days for making synthetic leather goods, rain coats, pipes, floor tiles, gramophone records, packaging materials, etc.
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