Properties and Uses of Picric Acid: It is a yellow crystalline solid, melting points  122°C. it is insoluble in cold water but soluble in hot water and in ether. It is bitter in nature. Because of the presence of three electronegative nitro sets, it is a stronger acid than phenol and its properties are comparable to the carboxylic acid. It decomposes carbonates and neutralises alkalies with evolution of carbon dioxide.

   Dry picric acid as well as its potassium or ammonium salts explode violently when detonated. It reacts with PCl₅ to form picryl chloride which on shaking with NH₃ yields picramide.

   When refined with a paste of bleaching powder, it gets decomposed and yields chloropicrin, CCl₃NO₂, as one of the products and is thus employed for the manufacture of tear gas.

It generates orange, yellow or red coloured molecular compounds called picrates with aromatic hydrocarbons, amines and phenols which are used for characterisation of these compounds.

•           Picrates are explosive in nature and explode violently when heated. These are generated carefully.

Uses : It is used as a yellow dye for silk and wool, as an explosive and as an antiseptic in treatment of burns.

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