Planning Process for MIS Implementation:
Improvement in organizational effectiveness is considered the most important objective in managerial decision-making and hence MIS is supposed to provide necessary support in this direction. Therefore, MIS planning has to consider ways to improve this effectiveness. There are three major components of MIS planning which every organization has to consider while implementing MIS. They are organizing, designing, and evaluating and they are explained in brief here.
Organizing
Organizing is the process of forming a formal group of people to carry out the MIS planning process. Such groups are called by different names in different organizations like planning committees, task forces, information systems group, etc. The organizing process involves planning the structure of these information systems groups. Organizing is considered an important part in MIS planning as it facilitates communication and coordination between the information systems group and other departments in the organization. An information systems manager usually heads this group and is responsible for all the major decisions in planning. Such decisions can be most effective if they are based on accurate information from all those departments which come under the MIS. Hence, the information systems manager has to communicate with other departments to understand their current as well as future informational requirements.
Designing
System designing or designing is the process of creating the physical structure of the MIS. This process attempts to configure the necessary systems and subsystems, equipment required (including computer hardware), software requirements, etc. It is the usual practice to develop multiple designs and select the one that best matches the organizational requirements. Designing has to take into account the current as well as future informational requirements. It should also consider all the possible constraints that can hinder or disrupt the information flow across the departments. Probable ways of minimizing such constraints have to be built into the design.
Evaluating
Evaluation is the process of determining the effectiveness of the MIS. Certain evaluation techniques are used to analyze and evaluate the different system designs developed in the designing stage. Common evaluation techniques include simulation, weighting methods, quantification of various factors, mathematical formulations, benchmarking, etc. Evaluation helps in choosing the design that best matches organizational requirements. Evaluation, as a process, helps in evaluating the MIS planning with respect to the current data available. Most evaluation techniques do not take into account the long range planning of MIS. Therefore, the process of MIS planning would prove to be redundant in the long range as it does not take into account the long-term goals of the organization.
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