Physical properties
(i) CH3F, CH3Cl, CH3Br and C2H5Cl are gases at room temperature. The alkyl halides upto C18 are colourless liquids while higher members are colourless solids.
(ii) Alkyl halides are not soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
(iii) They burn on copper wire with green outer flame (Beilstein test for halogens).
(iv) Alkyl bromides and iodides are heavier than water. Alkyl fluorides and chlorides are lighter than water.
(v) Alkyl iodides become violet or brown in colour on exposure as they decompose in light.
(vi) For a provided alkyl set, the boiling points of alkyl halides are in the order RI > RBr > RCl > RF and for a given halogen the boiling points of alkyl halides increase with the increase of the size of the alkyl group.
(vii) Alkyl halides are in usual toxic elements and bring unconsciousness when inhaled in large amounts.
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