Physical properties of alkyl isocyanide
(a) Alkyl isocyanides are colourless, unpleasant smelling liquids.
(b) They are insoluble in water but freely soluble in organic solvents.
(c) Isonitriles are much more poisonous than isomeric cyanides.
Chemical properties of alkyl isocyanide
(a) Hydrolysis :
(b) Reduction : 
(c) Action of heat : When heated for sometime at 250°C, a small amount of isonitrile changes into isomeric nitrile.
(d) Addition reaction : Alkyl isocyanide give addition reactions due to presence of unshared electron pair on carbon atom.
Given some of the addition reactions shown by alkyl isocyanides.
Uses : Due to their unpleasant smell, alkyl isocyanides are used in detection of very minute leakage. Carbylamine reaction is used as a test for the detection of primary amino group.
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