Overview of ERP Modules:
In the mid-1960s, Material Requirements Planning (MRP), a method of using computer technology to plan for the raw materials required for production in line with the expected demand, was developed. By the mid-1970s, a number of businesses had started using this method to manage their inventory effectively.
In the 1980s, many companies felt the need for automation in their capacity planning, production scheduling, and shop floor control functions. This paved the way for MRP II, a closed-loop model with a central database that recorded, managed, and generated reports on the various activities of the company. This model also made it easy for managers to compare the forecasted data with actual figures and to take relevant decisions to improve production efficiencies. In the late 1980s, apart from manufacturing functions, other business functions such as human resource management and financial accounting were integrated with MRP II and it was transformed into ERP.
An ERP solution package consists of several modules such as finance and accounting, manufacturing, sales and distribution, human resource management, plant maintenance, marketing, and inventory control. The number of modules and the features of an ERP package differ from one vendor to another. The modules in an ERP system are integrated and are capable of sending and receiving data across various departments, thus breaking the barriers between various departments in an organization. Founded in 1972, Germany-based SAP AG is the world's largest enterprise software company and the third largest software vendor. SAP is famous for its ERP packages. The following paragraphs discuss some of the ERP modules which are a part of the ERP suite offered by SAP AG.
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