Overloading methods in java:
We complete our initial look at Java classes by explaining one further concept, method overloading. This is not directly related to inheritance, but it is important to understand overloading when dealing with classes in an inheritance hierarchy. First we give a definition and then we consider a specific example, which might just include a few robots ...
A class may have more than one method of the same name. However, each of these identically named methods must have a different signature; that is, it must be possible to distinguish each method from the others by the number and/or the type of its arguments.
We then say that the method is overloaded: it has more than one possible implementation, depending on the arguments with which it is invoked. So, for example, we could extend the SpeedRobot class to have alternative versions of each basic move method - one that always moves the current standard step size and the other that accepts an argument specifying the size for that step only:
public class VariableSpeedRobot extends SpeedRobot
{
...
// define OVERLOADED method - not OVERRIDING
public void moveNorth (int theSpeed)
{
setY (getY() + theSpeed);
}
...
// and for other directions, MoveEast etc.
...
This allows us to use either of these two versions of the moveNorth method applied to a suitable object:
VariableSpeedRobot sillyWalker;
// create a speed robot with "normal" speed 5
sillyWalker = new VariableSpeedRobot(5);
...
sillyWalker.moveNorth(); // move 5 steps
sillyWalker.moveNorth(3); // 3 steps this time
sillyWalker.moveEast(); // move 5 steps
sillyWalker.moveEast(2); // 2 steps this time
...
The appropriate version of the overloaded method is selected for execution according to the pattern of arguments used when the method is invoked. This is the same approach we saw earlier for classes that have more than one constructor.
Figure Inheritance hierarchy for robot classes
Figure Grid showing the positions of objects of the various types of robots.
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