Object Oriented Databases:
Certain applications need more complex organization of data like multimedia (audio, video, images etc). Object-oriented databases give a mechanism to save such data. An object-oriented database (also defined to as an object-oriented database management system or OODBMS) is a set of objects. The state, type, and relationships of these objects are defined in line with the object-oriented data model. In other parts, in these databases, the data is modeled and prepared as objects.
Malcolm Atkinson and his fellow associates described OODBMS in the following manner, "An object-oriented database system have to satisfy two criteria: it would be a DBMS, and it would be an object-oriented system, i.e. to the extent possible, it would be consistent with the current crop of object-oriented programming languages. The first criterion converts into five features: persistence, concurrency, recovery, secondary storage management and an ad hoc query facility. The second one translates into eight features: complex objects, encapsulation, types or classes, inheritance, object identity, overriding combined with late binding, extensibility, and computational completeness."
An OODBMS encapsulates the data and the code that performed on that data in an object. To take an object-oriented database, one can either include concepts of object orientation to the existing database languages, or extend existing object-oriented languages to deal with databases by adding database types. Iris, ONTOS, Jasmine, ObjectStore, GemStone, O2, Vbase, and Orion are examples of object-oriented databases.
The object-oriented data model deals with the following applications:
- Computer-Aided Design (CAD): A CAD database is a document management system for CAD drawings. It has the ability to automatically archive drawings and retrieve them when necessary.
- Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE): A CASE database stores data required by software developers pertaining to source code, dependencies among software modules, definitions and uses of variables, and the development history of the software system.
- Multimedia databases: They are high-capacity/high-performance DBMSs that support multimedia data types (text, images, graphic objects, video, and audio) as well as other basic alphanumeric data types, and handle large volumes of multimedia information.
- Office Information Systems (OIS): They include workstation-based tools for document creation and document retrieval and the maintenance of appointment calendars. Such systems allow queries about schedules, documents, and contents of documents.
- Hypertext databases: Hypermedia databases have links that point to other documents. These documents may also be structured in specific ways so that they can be indexed. Hypertext databases support the ability to retrieve documents based on links, and to query documents based on their structure.
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