Networking Conventions
A network diagram using arrows and circles depicts the planned relationships between the activities of a project. There are two standards conventions for representing a project in a network.
Activity-On Node (AON) convention (precedence notation)
In AON notation, activities are represented by circles with arrows linking them together to show the order in which they must be performed.
Activity-On-Arrow (AOA) convention
In AOA convention, the activities are represented by arrows. The nodes are called events and are used to connect predecessor and successor activities.
The alternative ways of representing various relationships using AON and AOA conventions are illustrated in Figure. In the AOA convention, the activities are represented by numbers i-j, where i represents the number of the beginning event and j the number of the ending event. Dummy activities are the activities that do not utilize any time or resource but are introduced to indicate the precedence relationship. Dummy activities ensure that two activities do not have the same beginning and end nodes.
In the AON convention, the activities are identified with a number or name, and dummy activities are generally not used as the network is drawn after all the activities and their relationships are identified.
Either approach may be appropriate for the identification of activities. The choice depends on the convenience of the individual planner. Some people start with the first activity and proceed further in chronological order, while others start with the last activity and work backwards. Many organizations prefer to work backwards as the finished date is generally fixed. Therefore, in case of any expected delay in schedule, the flexibility to start a project ahead of schedule can be used.
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