Fibre
Name of polymer
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Abbreviation
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Starting materials
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Nature of polymer
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Properties
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Applications
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(i) Polysters
(a) Terylene or Dacron or mylar
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PET (Polyethylene terephthalate)
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Copolymer, step growth linear condensation polymer
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Fibre crease resistant, low moisture absorption, not smashed by pests like moths etc.
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For wash and wear fabrics, tyre cords seat belts and sails.
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(b) Glyptal or alkyd resin
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Copolymer, linear step growth condensation polymer
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Thermoplastic, dissolves in suitable solvents and solutions on evaporation leaves a tough but not flexible film.
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Paints and lacquers.
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(ii) Polyamides
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(a) Nylon-66
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Copolymer, linear, step growth condensation polymer
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Thermoplastic high tensile strength abrasion resistant.
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Textile fabrics, bristles for brushes etc.
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(b) Nylon-610
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Copolymer, linear, step growth
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Thermoplastic, high tensile strength, abrasion resistant
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(i) Textile fabrics, carpets, bristles for brushes etc.
(ii) Substitute of metals in bearings.
(iii) Gears elastic hosiery.
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(c) Nylon-6 or Perlon
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Homopolymer, linear
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Thermoplastic high tensile strength abrasion resistant.
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Mountaineering ropes, fabrics, tyre cords .
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(iii) Polyacryloni-trile or orlon or acrilon
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PAN
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CH2 = CH - CN
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Copolymer
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Hard, horney and high melting materials.
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Orlon, arcrilon used for building clothes, preparation of other polymers and carpets blankets.
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- Copolymer of acrylonitrile (40%) and vinyl chloride (60%) is called dynel it is used in hair wigs.
- Artificial silk is the term given to fibres derived from cellulose. The very important method for the creation of artificial silk is viscose method. The difference between artificial and natural silk is natural silk contain nitrogen while artificial silk may not have nitrogen. Natural silk on burning provides a smell of burning hair and shrinks into a ball of cinder while artificial silk gives a thread of ash.
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