In a moving coil galvanometer the coil is suspended between the pole pieces of a strong horse-shoe magnet. The pole pieces are made cylinderical and a soft iron cylinderical core is placed within the coil without touching it. This makes the field radial. In such a field the plane of the coil always remains parallel to the field. Therefore  and the deflecting torque always has the maximum value.

                                                                     ......(i)

coil deflects, a restoring torque is set up in the suspension fibre. If a is the angle of twist, the restoring torque is

                                                                        .....(ii)

where C is the torsional relation of the fiber.

When the coil in equilibrium.

            NBiA = 

Where   is the galvanometer constant. This linear relationship between i and a makes the moving coil galvanometer useful for current measurement and detection.

Current sensitivity : The current sensitivity of a galvanometer is defined as the deflection produced in the galvanometer per unit current flowing through it.

Thus in orders to increase the sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer, N, B and A should be increased and C should be decreased.

Quartz fibers may also be need for suspension of the coil because they have large tensile strength and very low value of k.

 Voltage sensitivity (S_V) : Voltage sensitivity of a galvanometer is defined as the deflection produced in the galvanometer per unit applied to it.

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