Management Information Systems - Planning:

MIS plays an important role in the decisions taken by the line managers. As a result, planning for the MIS has to take into consideration the information that the managers need to take correct decisions. Therefore, a full-fledged MIS planning process has to be taken up in the organization before the system is implemented. A well-planned MIS not only takes care of the organization's current informational needs, but also its future informational needs. Planning of the MIS helps in adopting/choosing a better design as well as in the smooth implementation of the system in the organization.
MIS planning involves understanding the organization's mission, objectives, and strategies. This is necessary as the MIS has to be based on the organization's objectives and strategies. Further, deviations from the organizational objectives can result in the failure of the MIS, which can come at a significant cost for the organization. In the words of Marjorie A. 

Strategic Planning for MIS:

The discussion above exemplifies the need to link MIS planning with the organizational mission and objectives. The strategic planning of the MIS involves transforming the organizational objectives and strategies into relevant and consistent MIS objectives and strategies. William King opined that organizational objectives and strategies could collectively be termed as the organizational strategy set and MIS strategies as the MIS strategy set. The organizational strategy set includes the organizational mission, objectives, broad strategies, and other strategic attributes. The MIS strategy set includes system objectives, system constraints, and system design strategies. MIS strategic planning involves transforming the organizational strategy set into an MIS strategy set. The process used in this transformation is called the MIS strategic planning process. This process is explained in detail here. 

Organizational strategy set

The organization's mission tells about the basic purpose of the organization as a business entity. This provides a framework for further development of objectives. The objectives of the organization define the broad goals that are set. They can be achieving higher profits, improving market share, maximizing the shareholder's wealth, etc. Strategies (or action plans) are formulated to realize these objectives. A strategy provides a direction in which the management should proceed in order to achieve the objectives. Other organizational strategic attributes also influence the MIS planning in a major way. Though they are difficult to categorize, they have to be considered in MIS strategic planning due to their influence on the planning function. Such attributes include the flexibility of the management, the organization's readiness to accept change, the management's inclination toward the use of computer systems in operations, etc.

MIS strategy set

The components of the MIS strategy set are system objectives, system constraints, and system design strategies. The very purpose of MIS implementation in the organization is defined by the system objectives. To make the MIS implementation effective, it is necessary to identify the constraints associated with the MIS. These can be either internal or external. External constraints like government and industry stress the need for integrating the MIS with the various organizational functions. Internal constraints, which are within the organization, try to limit or hinder the MIS implementation. For example, the MIS budget, which is a major internal constraint, limits the implementation as per the funds allocated. MIS design strategies are used in the designing process of the MIS.

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