The Limiting reagent or reactant
In number of situations, an excess of one or more substance is available for the chemical reaction. Some out of these excess substances will therefore be left over when the reaction is terminates; the reaction stops immediately as soon as one of the reactant is totally consumed.
The substance which is totally consumed in a reaction is called the limiting reagent because it determines or limits the amount of the product. The other reactant present in excess is called as the excess reagents.
Let us take a chemical reaction which is initiated by passing the spark through a reaction vessel containing 10 mole of H2 and 7 mole of O2.
Moles before reaction
|
10
|
7
|
0
|
Moles after reaction
|
0
|
2
|
10
|
The reaction stops only after the consumption of 5 moles of O2 as no further amount of H2 is left to react with the unreacted O2. Therefore H2 is a limiting reagent in this reaction.
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