Water-equivalent of a body is the mass of water which when given same amount of heat as to the object, modifies the temperature of water through same range as that of the object, i.e.,

                                    W = (m * c) gm

The unit of water equivalent W is gm while its dimensions [M].

Latent Heat:

Suppose that we slowly heat a cube of ice whose temperature is below 0°C at atmospheric pressure, what modifies do we see in the ice? Initially we search that its temperature increases according to equation Q = mc(T₂ - T₁). Once 0°C is reached, the additional heat does not increase the temperature of the ice. Despite, the ice melts and temperature remains at 0°C. The temperature of the water then starts to rise and eventually reaches 100°C, whereupon the water vaporizes into steam at this same temperature.

During phase transitions the added heat causes a change in the positions of the molecules relative to one another, without affecting the temperature.

The heat necessary to change a unit mass of a substance from one phase to another is called the latent heat (L). Thus, the amount of heat required for melting and vaporizing a substance of mass m are given by,

            Q = mL                                                            ... (i)

For solid-liquid iteration, the latent heat is known as the latent heat of fusion (L_f) and for the liquid-gas transition, it is known as the latent heat of vaporization (L_v) 

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