Hierarchical Routing
This is basically a 'Divide and Conquer' strategy. The network is divided into diverse area and a router for a particular area knows only about its own area and other routers. therefore, the network is viewed at 2 levels:
1. The Sub-network level, where every node in a area has information about its peers in the same area and about the region's interface with other areas. Different areas may have diverse 'local' routing algorithms. every local algorithm handles the traffic among nodes of the same region and as well directs the outgoing packets to the suitable interface.
2. The Network Level, where every region is considered as a single node linked to its interface nodes. The routing algorithm at this level handles the routing of packets among 2 interface nodes and it is isolated from intra-regional transfer.
Networks could be structured in hierarchies of numerous levels.for ex.local networks of a city at 1 level, the cities of a country at a level above it, and at last the network of all nations.
In Hierarchical routing, the interfaces require to store information about:
- All nodes in its area which are at one level below it.
- Its peer interfaces.
- At least one interface at a level above it, for outgoing packages.
Benefits of Hierarchical Routing:
- lesser sizes of routing tables.
- Substantially lesser computations and updates of routing tables.
Drawback:
- Once the hierarchy is forced on the network and it is followed and possibility of direct paths is ignored. This possibly will lead to sub optimal routing.
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