FTP
Given a reliable end-to-end trasport protocol like TCP, File Transfer may seem trivial. However, the details authorizations, representation between heterogeneous machines make the protocol complex.
FTP offers many facilities:
- Interactive Access : Most implementations provide an interactive interface that allows humans to easily interact with remote servers.
- Format (representation) specification: FTP allows the client to specify the type and format of stored data.
- Authentication Control : FTP needs client to authorize themselves by sending a login name and password to the server before requesting file transfers.
FTP Process Model
FTP allows concurrent accesses by nultiple clients. Clients make use of TCP to connect to the server. A master server awaits connections and build a slave process to handleeach connection. Unlike the majority servers, the slave process does not perform all the essential computation. Instead the slave accepts and manages the control connection from the clien. However, it uses an additinal process to handle a separate data transfer connection. The control connection takes the command that tells the server which file to transfer.
Data transfer connections and the data transfer processes that use them could be created dynamically when required, but the control connection persists all through a session. Once the control connection disappears, the session is ended and the software at both ends terminates all data transfer processes.
In addition to send user commands to the server, FTP uses the control connection to let the client and server processes to organize their use of dynamically assigned TCP protocol ports and the creation of data transfer processes that use those ports.
Proxy commands - allows 1 to copy files from any machine to any other random machine that is the machine the files are being copied to need not be the client but any other machine.
Sometimes some special processing could be done which is not part of the protocol. Such as, if there is request for copying a file is completed by issuing command 'get file_A.gz' and the zipped file does not exist however the file file_A does , then the file is automatically zipped and sent. Think what happens when the connection breaks during a FTP session. Two things possibly will happen, certain FTP servers may again restart from the beginning and whatever portion of the file had been copied is overwritten. Other FTP servers could ask the client how much it has already read and it just continues from
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