Frame Structure
A 802.4 frame has the following fields:
- Preamble: The Preamble mostly is used to synchronize the receiver's clock.
- Starting Delimiter (SD) and End Delimiter (ED): The Starting Delimiter and Ending
Delimiter fields are used to mark frame borders. Both of them contain analog encoding of symbols other than 1 or 0 so that they cannot occur accidentally in the user data. Therefore no length field is needed.
- Frame Control (FC): This field is used to differentiate data frames from control frames.
For data frames, it carries the frame's priority as well as a bit which the destination can set as an acknowledgement. For control frames, the Frame Control field is used to specify the frame type. The permissible types include token passing and various ring maintenance frames.
- Destination and Source Address: The Destination and Source address fields may be 2 bytes (for a local address) or 6 bytes (for a global address).
- Data: The Data field carries the true data and it may be 8182 bytes when 2 byte addresses are used and 8174 bytes for 6 byte addresses.
- Checksum: A 4-byte checksum calculated for the data. Mostly used in error detection.
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