The essential features of OOP are:

1. Emphasis is on data rather than procedure.

2. Programs are divided into elements.

3. Data structures are designed such that they characterise elements.

4. Functions that operate on the data of an element are tied together in the data structure.

5. Data is hidden and cannot be accessed by external functions.

6. Elements may communicate with each other through functions.

7. New data and functions can be easily added whenever necessary.

8. Follows bottom-up approach in program design.

  Object-oriented programming is defined as an approach that provides a way of modularizing programs by creating partitioned memory area for both data and functions that can be used as templates for creating copies of such modules on demand. Thus, an element can be considered a separate memory area which stores data and set of operations that can access that data. Since these elements are independent they can be used in various programs without modifying them.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

It is necessary to understand some of the concepts of object oriented programming like:

1. Objects.

2. Classes.

3. Data abstraction and encapsulation.

4. Inheritence.

5. Polymorphism.

6. Dynamic binding.

7. Message passing.

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