Exception handler:

You may be wondering what an exception handler can do in response to any of the various potentially serious errors we have described. There are several possibilities: it can convey detailed information about the source of the problem; it may be able to 'tidy up' and release various resources in use by the program so that other parts of the system can carry on using them; in some cases, it may be able to allow further attempts to run the failing code - for example, to overcome temporary communication faults or incorrectly entered information.

The first option - reporting the source of the problem in detail - is probably the most important use of exceptions, and we consider this now. As you will see in the next section, an exception can have an associated message giving some additional information about the circumstances that gave rise to the error. If the code that caught an exception wants to examine this string it can use the method available to all exception objects, called getMessage.

For example:

try
{
// code that may throw an Exception
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
String errMessage = ex.getMessage(); System.out.println("Error:" + errMessage);
// rest of handler code
}

This code assigns to the string errMessage the message string associated with the exception, ex, and then displays an error message.

It is very important that an exception handler does not just 'bury' the exception by catching it and then taking no action, like this:

try
{
// code that raises an IOException
}
catch (IOException ex) {}

There can be a temptation for programmers to do this as a quick way of suppressing a compiler error due to not handling a checked exception. This is very poor practice - it can temporarily conceal faults in a program, which may have more serious consequences at a later stage. If a particular method cannot do anything specific to handle an exception then it is normally best to pass it on, by declaring it in the method header, rather than 'burying' it. In the rare cases where there may be special reasons for having an empty exception handler, these should be clearly documented by program comments.

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