(i) Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB)
Polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) is obtained from hydroxy butyric acid (3-hydroxy butanoic acid)
(ii) Poly-Hydroxybutyrate-co-b-Hydroxy valerate (PHBV) : It is copolymer of 3-hydroxy butanoic acid and 3-hydroxy pentanoic acid, in which the monomer units are joined by ester linkages.
The properties of PHBV vary according to the ratio of both the acids. 3-Hydroxy butanoic acid gives stiffness while 3-Hydroxypentanoic acid gives flexibility to the copolymer.
(iii) Polyglycolic acid (PGA) : It is obtained by the chain polymerisation of cyclic dimer of glycolic acid, OH-CH2-COOH.
(iv) Polylactic acid (PLA) : It is obtained by polymerisation of the cyclic dimer of lactic acid or by microbiological synthesis of lactic acid followed by the polycondensation and removal of water by evaporation.
(v) Poly (Î-caprolactone) (PCL) : It is obtained by chain polymerisation of the lactone of 6-hydroxy hexanoic acid.
Uses : PGA and PLA (90 : 10) is used to make absorbable structure to close an internal of external wound and has replaced cat gut these are completely degraded and absorbed by the body within 15 days to one month of the surgery.
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and (PHBV) have been used for making films for packaging and into moulded items.
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