Electrode Potential

(1) When the metal (indicated by M) is placed in a solution of its ions (M⁺⁺), either of the following three possibilities can occurs, according to the electrode potential solution pressure theory of Nernst.

(i) A metal ion Mⁿ⁺ collides with the electrode, and undergoes no change.

(ii) A metal ion Mⁿ⁺ collides with the electrode, gains n number of electrons and gets converted into a metal atom M, (which means the metal ion is reduced). 

(iii) A metal atom on the electrode M may lose an electrons to the electrode, and enter to the solution as Mⁿ⁺, (i.e. the metal atom is oxidised). .

Thus, the electrode potential is the tendency of an electrode to lose or gain electrons when it is in contact with solution of its own ions."

(2) Magnitude of the electrode potential depends on the following factors,

(i) Nature of the electrode, (ii) Concentration of the ions in solution,  (iii) Temperature.

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