Examination of aldehydes and Ketones (Distinction)
Table :
|
Test
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Aldehydes
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Ketones
|
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With Schiff's reagent
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Produce pink colour.
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No colour.
|
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With Fehling's solution
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Give red precipitate.
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No precipitate is formed.
|
|
With Tollen's reagent
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Black precipitate or silver mirror is formed.
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No black precipitate or silver mirror is formed.
|
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With saturated sodium bisulphite solution in water
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Crystalline compound (colourless) is created.
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Crystalline compound (colourless) is formed.
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With 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine
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Orange-yellow or red well defined crystals with melting points characteristic of individual aldehydes.
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Orange-yellow or red well defined crystals with melting points characteristic of individual ketones.
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With sodium hydroxide
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Give brown resinous mass (formaldehyde does not give this test).
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No reaction.
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With sodium nitroprusside and few drops of sodium hydroxide
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A deep red colour (formaldehyde does not respond to this test).
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Red colour which modifies to orange.
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