Property
|
Alkane (Ethane)
|
Alkene (Ethene)
|
Alkyne (Ethyne)
|
|
Molecular formula
|
CnH2n+2(C2H6)
|
CnH2n(C2H4)
|
CnH2n-2(C2H2)
|
|
Nature
|
Saturated
|
Unsaturated
|
Unsaturated
|
|
|
Single bond between carbon atoms. Each carbon atom is sp3-hybridized
C - C
Bond length 1.54 Å
Bond energy : 83 Kcal mol-1
|
Double bond between two carbon atoms. Both carbon atoms are sp2-hybridized
C = C
1.34 Å
146 Kcal mol-1
|
Triple bond between two carbon atoms both carbon atoms are sp-hybridized
- C º C -
1.20 Å
200 Kcal mol-1
|
|
Burning
|
Burns with nonluminous flame
C2H6+7/2O2 →2CO2+3H2O
|
Burns with luminous flame
C2H4+3O2 → 2CO2+2H2O
|
Burns with smoky flame
C2H2+5/2O2 → 2CO2+H2O
|
|
Reaction with H2
|
-
|
Forms alkane
CnH2n + H2  CnH2n+2
C2H4 + H2 → C2H6
|
Forms alkene and alkane
CnH2n + H2 CnH2n+2
CnH2n-2 + H2 CnH2n
|
|
Reation with conc. H2SO4 and hydrolysis
|
-
|
Addition
C2H4+H2SO4 → C2H5HSO4
 C2H5OH
|
Addition
C2H2 → CH3CH(HSO4)2 CH3CHO
|
|
Br2/CCl4
|
-
|
Decolourises
Dibromo derivative,
C2H4 + Br2 → C2H4Br2
|
Decolourises
Tetrabromo derivative,
C2H2Br4
|
|
Baeyer's reagent (Alk. KMnO4)
|
-
|
Decolourises
Glycol is formed
|
Decolourises
Oxalic acid is formed
|
|
Ammonical Cu2Cl2
|
-
|
-
|
Red precipitate
|
|
Ammonical silver nitrate
|
-
|
-
|
|
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