Dienes

         These are hydrocarbon with two carbon-carbon double bonds. Dienes are of three kinds

(1) Conjugated dienes : Double bonds are seperated by one single bond.

         Ex : CH₂ = CH - CH = CH₂ (1, 3-butadiene)

         (2) Cumulative dienes : Double bonds are adjacent to each other.

         Ex : CH₂ = C = CH₂ Propadiene [allene]

         (3) Isolated or Non-conjugated : Double covalent bonds are separated by more than one single bond.

         Ex : CH₂ = CH - CH₂ - CH = CH₂ (1, 4 pentadiene)

         The general formula is C_nH_2n-2.  The predominant member of that type is 1, 3-butadiene.

         (1) Method of preparation

         (i) From acetylene :

         (ii) From 1, 4-dichlorobutane :

         (iii) From 1,4-butanediol :

         (iv) From butane :

(Cr₂O₃ used as catalyst.)

         (v) From cyclohexene :     

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