Darlington transistor
Circuit diagram of Darlington pair by using NPN transistors
In electronics, the Darlington transistor (called a Darlington pair) is a compound structure having two bipolar transistors (either integrated or separated devices) connected in such a manner that the current amplified by first transistor is amplified further by the second one. This configuration provides a higher current gain (written β, hfe, or hFE) than each transistor taken separately and, in case of the integrated devices, can take less space than 2
individual transistors because they can use the shared collector. Integrated Darlington pairs come packaged singly in transistor-like packages or as an array of devices in an integrated circuit.
The Darlington configuration was invented by Bell Laboratories engineer Sidney Darlington in the year 1953. He patented the idea of having 2 or 3 transistors on a single chip, sharing a collector.
A similar configuration but with transistors of opposite type is the Sziklai pair, sometimes called as "complementary Darlington."
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