Contribution Margin
In short run, managers are concerned with the contribution margin or contribution profit since fixed costs are sunk costs. Break even charts can be used to measure the contribution of business activity towards covering fixed costs. Average contribution margin (ACM) is the difference between unit price and AVC (P - AVC). The break-even point is where ACM = AFC. Total contribution analysis can also be used to determine the total contribution profit. Contribution is the difference between the total revenue and variable costs. That is, it is the revenue on the sale of unit of output after variable costs have been covered.
Total contribution margin (TCM) = TR - TVC
or TCM = Total net profit (TNP) - TFC
Thus at the break-even point
TCM = TFC and TNP = 0.
The equation also shows that
TR=TCM + TVC
= (TNP + TFC) + TVC
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