Comparison between glucose and fructose
|
Property
|
Glucose
|
Fructose
|
|
Molecular formula
|
C6H12O6
|
C6H12O6
|
|
Nature
|
Polyhydroxy aldehyde.
|
Polyhydroxy ketone
|
|
Melting point
|
146oC
|
102oC
|
|
Optical activity of natural form
|
Dextrorotatory
|
Laevorotatory
|
|
With ethyl alcohol
|
Almost insoluble
|
More soluble
|
|
Oxidation
(a) With bromine water
(b) With nitric acid
|
Gluconic acid
Saccharic acid (Glucaric acid)
|
No reaction
Mixture of glycollic acid, tartaric acid and trihydroxy glutaric acid
|
|
Reduction
|
Sorbitol
|
Mixture of sorbitol and mannitol
|
|
Calcium hydroxide
|
Forms calcium glucosate, soluble in water
|
Forms calcium fructosate, not soluble in water
|
|
Molisch's reagent
|
Gives a violet ring
|
Gives a violet ring
|
|
Fehling's solution
|
provides red precipitate
|
creates red precipitate
|
|
Tollen's reagent
|
Forms silver mirror
|
Forms silver mirror
|
|
Phenyl hydrazine
|
Forms osazone
|
Forms osazone
|
|
Resorcinol + HCl (dil.) (Selivanoff's test)
|
No colouration
|
Gives red or brown colour or precipitate
|
|
Freshly prepared ammonium molybdate sol. + few drops of acetic acid (Pinoff's test).
|
Light blue colour
|
Bluish green colour on heating
|
|
Alcoholic a-naphthol + HCl (conc.) (Furfural test)
|
No colouration
|
A purple colour (violet) on boiling
|
- Fructose gives reactions similar to glucose. The difference in properties is due to the fact that it contains a ketonic group while glucose contains an aldehydic group.
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