Methods to prove collinearity:
- The 2 vectors
are collinear if there exists kÎR such that
.
- If
then
are collinear.
- The 3 points
are collinear if there exists k ∈ R such that
.
- If then A, B, C are collinear.
are collinear if there exists scalars l, m, n, such that
where l + m + n = 0.
All above methods are equivalent and any of them can be utilized to prove collinearity.
Illustration: Let
be 3 non-zero vectors such that any 2 of them are non-collinear. If
+2
is collinear to
and
+3
is collinear with
, then prove that
.
Key concept: Two vectors
are collinear if there exists k∈R such that
.
Solution: It is given that
+2
is collinear with 
for some scalar λ ...(i)
Also
+3
is collinear with 
=>
+3
= μa for some scalarμ ...(ii)
from (i) and (ii)

Substituting the values of l and m in (i) & (ii), we get

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