Capacitor

A capacitor is passive circuit element which has the capacity to store charge in the electric field. It is widely used in electric circuits in form of a filter. The V - I relationship for the capacitor is governed by following equation

 

here C is the capacitance which is measured in Farads (F) and v(0) is the initial voltage or initial charge stored in the capacitor.

When v= V (constant DC voltage),

dv/dt=0, and i=0 . Thus a capacitor acts as an open circuit to DC.

Example

For circuit diagram shown in Figure drawn below, determine the current, I flowing through 5 resistance.

 

As the supply voltage is DC, hence the capacitor will behave as an open circuit. Hence no current can flow through the circuit regardless of the values of capacitor and resistor i.e.

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