Calculations of Volumetric analysis, Chemical Analysis Assignment Help

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Calculations of Volumetric analysis

         The following points should be reminded while making calculations of volumetric exercises.

         (i) 1g equivalent mass of a substance performs completely with 1g equivalent mass of any other substance. 1g equivalent mass of a substance means equivalent mass of the substance in grams. For example,

         1g equivalent mass of NaOH = 40 g of NaOH

         1g equivalent mass of H2SO4 = 49 g of H2SO4

         1g equivalent mass of KMnO4 in acidic medium = 31.6 g of KMnO4

         1g equivalent mass of hydrated oxalic acid = 63 g of hydrated oxalic acid

         Note : Equivalent mass is a variable quantity and depends on the reaction in which the substance takes part. The nature of the reaction should be known before writing the gram equivalent mass of the substance. For example in the reactions.

       218_calculation of volumetric titrations.png

         The value of g equivalent mass of H2SO4 in reaction (i) is 98 g and in reaction (ii) 49g.

 

(ii) Number of g equivalents

         1107_calculation of volumetric titrations1.png

         Number of g moles 1197_calculation of volumetric titrations2.png

          2357_calculation of volumetric titrations3.png (only for gases)

         Number of milli-equivalent 74_calculation of volumetric titrations4.png

         Number of milli-moles 1704_calculation of volumetric titrations5.png

         (iii) Molarity  2091_calculation of volumetric titrations6.png 

         Molarity * molecular mass = strength of the solution (g/L) No. of moles of the solute = Molarity * No. of litres of solution Mass of the solute in g(w) =molarity * No. of litres of solution * mol. mass of solute

         Normality  1095_calculation of volumetric titrations7.png 

         Normality * equivalent mass = strength of the solution (g/L)

         No. of equivalents of the solute = Normality * No. of litres of solution

         Mass of the solute in g(w) = Normality * No. of litres of solution * Eq. mass of the solute

         2472_calculation of volumetric titrations8.png

         Normality = n * Molarity

         (iv) Normality equation : When solutions A and B react completely.

         NAVA = NBVB

         Normality of A * volume of A = Normality of B * volume of B

       859_calculation of volumetric titrations9.png

         (v) When the solution is diluted, the following formulae can be applied:

         N1V1 = N2V2 or M1V1 = M2V2 or S1V1 = S2V2

         Before dilution = After dilution

         (vi) If a number of acids are mixed, the combined normality of the mixture, Nx, is provided

         NxVx = N1V1 + N2V2 + N3V3 +.......

         Where Vx is the total volume of the mixture, N1 and V1 are the normality and volume respectively of one acid, N2 and V2 of the second acid and so on.

 

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