ASP.Net:
ASP.Net is a web development platform, which gives a programming model, a comprehensive software infrastructure and several services required to create up robust web application for PC, as well as mobile devices.
ASP.Net works on top of the HTTP protocol and uses the HTTP commands and policies to set a cooperation and browser-to-server two-way communication.
ASP.Net is a developed on Microsoft .Net platform. ASP.Net applications are complied codes, written using reusable and the extensible components or objects shown in .Net framework. These codes may use the full hierarchy of classes in .Net framework.
The ASP.Net application codes should be written in either of the following languages:
- C#
- Visual Basic .Net
- Jscript
- J#
ASP.Net is used to give interactive, data-driven web applications over the internet. It consists of a big number of controls like text boxes, labels and buttons for assembling, manipulating code and configuring to create HTML pages.
ASP.Net Web Forms Model:
ASP.Net web forms extend the event-driven programming of interaction to the web applications. The browser submits a web form to the web server and the server gives a full markup page or HTML page in response.
All client side user activities are forwarded to the server for stateful processing. The server gives the output of the client actions and gives the reactions.
Now, HTTP is a stateless protocol. ASP.Net framework gives storing the information regarding the state of the application, which has:
The page state is the type of the client, i.e., the content of several input fields in the web form. The session state is the collective collected from several pages the user visited and worked with, i.e., the overall session state. To clear the concept, let us take up an example of a shopping cart as follows.
User adds parts to a shopping cart. Items are chosen from a page, say the items page, and the total collected items and price are given in a different page, say the cart page. Only HTTP may not keep track of all the information coming from several pages. ASP.Net session state and server side infrastructure provides track of the information collected globally over a session.
The ASP.Net runtime takes the page state to and from the server across page requests while creating the ASP.Net runtime codes and incorporates the state of the server side components in hidden parts.
This way the server becomes aware of the overall process state and run in a two-tiered connected way.
ASP.Net Component Model:
The ASP.Net component model gives several building blocks of ASP.Net pages. Basically it is an object model, which defines:
- Server side counterparts of almost all HTML tags or elements, like <form> and <input>.
- Server controls, which help in creating complex user-interface for example the Calendar control or the Gridview control.
ASP.Net is a technology, which works on the .Net framework that has all web-related functionalities. The .Net framework is build up an object-oriented hierarchy. An ASP.Net web application is build up of pages. When a user sends a request to ASP.Net page, the IIS delegates the request of the page to the ASP.Net runtime system.
The ASP.Net runtime changes the .aspx page into an instance of a class, which adds from the base class Page of the .Net framework. Therefore, every ASP.Net page is an object and all its elements i.e., the server-side controls are also objects.
Components of .Net Framework 3.5
Before going to the next part on Visual Studio.Net, let us look at the several components of the .Net framework 3.5. The following table defines the components of the .Net framework 3.5 and the work they perform:
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Components and their Description
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(1) Common Language Runtime or CLR
It performs exception handling, memory management, debugging, thread execution, code execution, code safety, security checking, compilation and verification. Those codes which are directly organized by the CLR are known as the managed code. When the managed code is compiled, the compiler changes the source code into a CPU independent intermediate language (IL) code. A Just in time compiler (JIT) converts the IL code into native code, which is CPU related.
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(2) .Net Framework Class Library
It contains a big library of reusable types . classes, structures, interfaces and enumerated values, which are collectively known as types.
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(3) Common Language Specification
It has the specifications for the .Net related languages and implementation of language integration.
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(4) Common Type System
It gives guidelines for declaring, and cross-language communication, using and managing types at runtime .
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Metadata and Assemblies
Metadata is the binary information defining the program, which is either stored in a portable run able file (PE) or in the memory. Assembly is a logical unit having of the assembly manifest, type metadata, IL code and set of sources like image files etc.
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(5) Windows Forms
This has the graphical presentation of any window given in the application.
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(6) ASP.Net and ASP.Net AJAX
ASP.Net is the web development model and AJAX is a bigger part of ASP.Net for developing and creating AJAX functionality. ASP.Net AJAX has the elements that allow the developer to update data on a website without a complete reload of the site.
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(7) ADO.Net
It is the technology used for functioning with databases and data. It gives accesses to data sources like SQL server, XML, OLE DB etc. The ADO .Net gives connection to data sources for manipulating, retrieving and updating data.
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(8) Windows Workflow Foundation (WF)
It helps in creating workflow based applications in Windows. It has activities, workflow designer, workflow runtime and a rules engine.
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(9)Windows Presentation Foundation
It gives a separation between the user interface and the business part. It is creating visually stunning interfaces using media, documents, two and three dimensional graphics, animations etc.
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(10) Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)
It is the technology used for creating and running connected systems.
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(11) Windows CardSpace
It gives safety of accessing resources and sharing personal information on the internet.
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(12) LINQ
It imparts data querying capabilities to .Net languages using a syntax which is same as the tradition query language SQL.
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