Anomalous behaviour of Beryllium

         Beryllium differs from rest of the alkaline earth metals on account of its small atomic size, high electronegativity Be²⁺ exerts high polarizing effect on anions and thus produces covalent nature in its compounds. The below stated are some noteworthy difference of Be from other alkaline earth metals,

         (1) Be is the lightest alkaline earth metal.

         (2) Be possesses higher melting point and boiling point than other group members.

         (3) BeO is amphoteric in nature whereas oxides of other group members are strong base.

         (4) It is not easily effected by dry air and does not decompose water at ordinary temperature.

         (5) BeSO₄ is soluble in water.

         (6) Be and Mg carbonates are not precipitated by (NH₄)₂CO₃ in presence of NH₄Cl.

         (7) Be and Mg salts do not impart colour to flame.

         (8) Be does not form peroxide like other alkaline earth metals.

         (9) It does not evolve hydrogen so readily from acids as other alkaline earth metals do so.

         (10) It has strong tendency to form complex compounds.

         (11) Be₃N₂ is volatile while the nitrides of other alkaline earth metals are non-volatile.

         (12) It's salts can never have more than four molecules of water of crystallization as it has only four available orbitals in its valence shell.

         (13) Berylium carbide reacts water to give methane whereas magnesium carbide and calcium carbide give propyne and acetylene respectively.

         Be₂C+4H₂O → 2Be(OH)₂ + CH₄

         Mg₂C₃ + 4H₂O  → 2Mg(OH)₂ + C₃H₆ 

         CaC₂ + 2H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + C₂H₄

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